What does retained subgingival plaque often lead to?

Retained subgingival plaque is a key factor in the development of periodontal disease. When plaque accumulates below the gum line, it can lead to chronic inflammation of the gum tissues, resulting in a condition known as chronic periodontitis. This is characterized by the progressive loss of attachment and bone supporting the teeth. The bacteria present in subgingival plaque release toxins that trigger an inflammatory response, ultimately leading to tissue destruction if not effectively managed through proper oral hygiene and professional dental care.

Healthy gums and decreased gingival inflammation are generally associated with effective plaque removal and good oral hygiene practices; thus, the presence of retained plaque would not result in these outcomes. Moreover, complete healing of periodontal tissues typically requires the removal of such plaque and may involve additional treatments, rather than being a direct consequence of plaque retention. Therefore, the presence of retained subgingival plaque creates an environment conducive to chronic periodontitis rather than promoting health or healing.