What is a potential systemic side effect of Cyclosporine?

The correct answer, gingival hyperplasia, is a well-documented side effect of Cyclosporine, an immunosuppressant commonly used in various medical conditions, including organ transplantation and autoimmune diseases. Cyclosporine works by inhibiting T-lymphocyte activation, which is crucial for the immune response. One of the side effects of this medication is that it can lead to the overgrowth of gum tissues, resulting in gingival hyperplasia. This occurs due to the drug's influence on fibroblast activity and the subsequent modifications in the local tissue environment.

Other potential systemic side effects of Cyclosporine, while noteworthy, do not relate directly to the question. Hyperlipidemia can occur with Cyclosporine but is less specific than gingival hyperplasia. Hypoglycemia is not typically associated with Cyclosporine; rather, it can induce hyperglycemia in some patients due to its effects on insulin. Anemia can occur, but it is less directly related to Cyclosporine's mechanism and more to the overall effects of its immunosuppressive action on bone marrow.

Therefore, the focused relationship between Cyclosporine and gingival hyperplasia makes it the best answer in this context.