What is an effect of treatment with Calcium Channel Blockers like Nifedipine?

Calcium Channel Blockers (CCBs) such as Nifedipine can lead to gingival hyperplasia, which is an overgrowth of gum tissue. This side effect occurs because CCBs alter the calcium flow in muscle cells, impacting not just vascular smooth muscle but also the fibroblasts in the gums. These changes can result in excessive proliferation of gum tissue, leading to inflammation and swelling.

Gingival hyperplasia is an important consideration in patients who are on CCB therapy, as it can affect oral hygiene and lead to further dental complications if not monitored and managed effectively. This awareness is crucial for healthcare professionals when prescribing these medications and for educating patients about potential oral health implications.

Other options, while related to physiological effects, do not align with known side effects of Calcium Channel Blockers. Weight loss and decreased saliva production are not commonly associated with this class of drugs. Increased heart rate is often counterintuitive as CCBs typically reduce heart rate by decreasing myocardial contractility and relaxing vascular smooth muscle, leading to decreased systemic vascular resistance.