What is the developmental anomaly associated with a large central incisor?

The developmental anomaly associated with a large central incisor is gemination. Gemination occurs when a single tooth germ attempts to divide, resulting in a tooth with two crowns (or lobes) sharing a single root structure. This can lead to a larger than normal tooth, often seen in incisors. Geminated teeth typically have a characteristic appearance where the two crowns are joined together, which can cause aesthetic concerns as well as potential alignment issues during the eruption phase.

In contrast, fusion refers to the union of two separate tooth germs, resulting in a single larger tooth and typically involves two roots. Supernumerary teeth are additional teeth that form in excess of the normal complement, leading to extra teeth rather than affecting the structure of existing ones. Enamel hypoplasia is a developmental condition marked by insufficient enamel formation, which can cause defects in the surface of the tooth but does not typically lead to increased size. Understanding these distinctions helps in identifying and managing various dental anomalies effectively.