What is the primary cause of BOP after cleaning?

The primary cause of bleeding on probing (BOP) after cleaning is often retained subgingival plaque. When plaque remains below the gum line during and after dental cleaning, it can lead to inflammation of the gums, known as gingivitis. This inflammation makes the tissues more susceptible to bleeding upon gentle probing.

It's important to note that even after a professional cleaning, if there are areas where plaque has not been adequately removed, the bacteria can continue to irritate the gums. Effective plaque removal is critical in managing gum health, and when it is not achieved, the risk of BOP increases.

While incorrect cleaning technique, periodontal disease progression, and over-brushing may contribute to oral health issues, the direct link between retained plaque and the immediate occurrence of BOP after a cleaning procedure highlights why retained subgingival plaque is considered the primary cause.