What is the recommended treatment for a major aphthous ulcer?

The recommended treatment for a major aphthous ulcer is corticosteroids. These medications are effective because they work to reduce inflammation and immune response in the oral mucosa. Major aphthous ulcers are characterized by significant pain and can last for several weeks, making effective management crucial for patient comfort and healing. Corticosteroids, such as topical formulations, can help alleviate symptoms quickly and promote healing of the ulcer while also minimizing the risk of secondary infections due to the open sore. In cases where topical corticosteroids are insufficient, systemic corticosteroids may be utilized for severe cases.

Other treatment options may serve different purposes but do not address the underlying inflammation as effectively. Antibiotics are generally not indicated unless there is a secondary bacterial infection, antiseptic mouth rinses may help maintain oral hygiene but do not reduce the ulcer's inflammation, and pain relievers can provide symptomatic relief but do not enhance the healing process of the ulcer itself. Thus, corticosteroids are the most appropriate choice for addressing major aphthous ulcers specifically.