What is the recommended treatment for a lateral periodontal cyst?

The recommended treatment for a lateral periodontal cyst is surgical removal. This approach is justified because lateral periodontal cysts are benign, unilocular cystic lesions that typically arise from the epithelial remnants of the dental follicle. Surgical intervention is necessary not only to eliminate the cyst but also to ensure that it does not recur. Removing the cyst fully allows for comprehensive histological examination, confirming the diagnosis and ruling out other conditions.

Chemical cautery is not suitable for lateral periodontal cysts since this method may not completely eradicate the cystic lining, leading to a risk of recurrence. Root canal therapy is primarily intended for treating infected pulpal tissues within a tooth and is not indicated for cystic lesions that are not related to pulp disease. Observation may be an approach in some circumstances, particularly for asymptomatic lesions; however, for lateral periodontal cysts, surgical removal is typically the definitive and more effective treatment to prevent complications and recurrence.