What type of tissue covers the dorsum of the tongue?

The dorsum of the tongue is primarily covered by keratinized mucosa, which is a specialized type of stratified squamous epithelium. This keratinization provides a protective barrier against mechanical abrasion and the various substances that may come into contact with the tongue during eating, speaking, and other oral activities. The keratinized layer also helps to prevent water loss, maintaining the integrity of the tissue in a moist environment.

This type of tissue is particularly important on the surface of the tongue because it is constantly exposed to various stimuli, including food, liquids, and potential pathogens. The keratin gives the surface a slightly rough texture, which aids in the mechanical process of breaking down food.

Non-keratinized mucosa, while present in other areas of the oral cavity, does not provide the same level of protection and is generally found in regions that require flexibility and a moist environment, such as the inside of the cheeks and the floor of the mouth. Dense fibrous connective tissue and columnar epithelium serve different functions and are not characteristic of the tongue's surface tissue.