Which calcium channel blocker is known to cause gingival hyperplasia?

The association of gingival hyperplasia with certain calcium channel blockers is well-documented, particularly with the drug nifedipine. Nifedipine, which is primarily used to manage hypertension and angina, has been noted in various clinical studies and patient reports to cause gingival overgrowth as a side effect. This condition occurs because the medication affects the proliferation of gingival fibroblasts and promotes an increase in the extracellular matrix in the gums, leading to hyperplasia.

While other calcium channel blockers, like amlodipine, diltiazem, and verapamil, may have their own side effects, they are less commonly associated with gingival hyperplasia compared to nifedipine. Understanding this specific reaction is crucial for healthcare providers, particularly when prescribing these medications to patients who may be at risk for periodontal issues. By recognizing the potential for gingival hyperplasia with nifedipine, appropriate patient monitoring and preventive measures can be implemented.