Which teeth are most likely undergoing changes around age 10 to 12?

The teeth most likely undergoing changes around age 10 to 12 are the permanent premolars. This period in a child’s dental development is key as it is typically when the first permanent molars erupt, often referred to as the "6-year molars." Additionally, the premolars, specifically the first and second premolars, start to develop during this age range as the primary molars begin to exfoliate.

During this phase, the child is at the cusp of transitioning from primary to permanent dentition, and the emerging permanent premolars take the place of the primary molars once they are lost. Understanding dental development stages indicates that the permanent premolars are indeed undergoing crucial changes, such as root development and placement within the dental arch, leading up to their eruption.

In contrast, the other teeth mentioned—incisors, primary molars, and wisdom teeth—are either already stable, on their way out, or still developing well into the later teen years. Therefore, it's the permanent premolars that are most actively undergoing significant changes during this critical growth phase.